Investors · 6 min read
E-2 visa for citizens of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Georgia, Armenia, Ukraine and Moldova
Several post-Soviet countries have E-2 treaties with the U.S. — Russia, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan do not. What each group of investors can do.
The E-2 treaty investor visa lets you live in the U.S. and run a business you invested in, renewable for as long as the business operates. Eligibility depends on citizenship, not residence.
Post-Soviet countries with E-2 treaties
- Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia
- Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan
- Moldova, Ukraine
Countries without an E-2 treaty
Citizens of Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan cannot use E-2 on that citizenship alone. Common alternatives include L-1 for owners of an operating foreign company, EB-5, talent-based routes such as O-1 or EB-1A, or — for those who already hold one — a second citizenship from a treaty country.
Key requirements
- A real, operating U.S. business — not a passive investment.
- Capital that is substantial relative to the cost of the business and already at risk.
- A business that is not marginal: it should do more than support your family.
- A role in developing and directing the company.
Family
Your spouse and children under 21 can join you. Spouses may work in the U.S.
Thinking about E-2?
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Frequently asked questions
How much do I need to invest?+
There is no fixed minimum. The amount must be substantial for the type of business. Smaller businesses need a higher proportion of the total cost invested.
Is E-2 a path to a green card?+
Not directly. Many E-2 holders later pursue EB-5, EB-1C or a talent-based route.
Sources
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